It's crucial to understand the reason or function of self-harm in individuals with ASD. Each case is different. Some people with autism self-harm to relieve anxiety, but they don't actually intend to hurt themselves. Others self-harm in response to sensory overload, which ultimately also generates anxiety, but the goal is to lessen that sensory overload (noises, lights, smells, etc.).

A person with autism may have difficulty identifying anxiety triggers through their proprioception, especially if they haven't received a diagnosis and don't understand why certain overwhelming things are happening to them. Seeking help at this point is crucial so the person can understand what they are experiencing and learn to identify and manage these symptoms.

Psychoeducation will be key, as well as assessing cognitive behavioral techniques, sensory integration techniques, relaxation techniques and/or pharmacological treatments… (depending on the cause and severity of the self-harm).